Animal Health
Animal health.
To understand the effects, symptoms , cure and prevention of disease.
To understand the effects, symptoms , cure and prevention of disease.
To define animal health and why it is important.
Go over symptoms and examples.
Parasites - internal and external.
- control methods.
Disease - vaccination and how it works.
Go over symptoms and examples.
Parasites - internal and external.
- control methods.
Disease - vaccination and how it works.
to examine how farmers keep animals healthy.
- Vaccination
- Dipping
- Drenching
- Alternatives
- Vaccination
- Dipping
- Drenching
- Alternatives
Lesson 1.
Read the Article 'A Good Buy" and the answer the worksheet
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Lesson 2
open and go through livestock health Power point
Lesson 3
Watch the Video and complete the worksheet
Lesson 4
Become an expert. This a Project for you to Complete
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Lesson 5
Okay, so today your going to look at vaccination. the how to and why.
1. watch the video and write 5 clear steps to vaccinate |
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2. Download the worksheet on vaccination and complete the
question Answers to worksheet are to be found on the Five at Once sheet
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3. And now how do vaccines work. watch this video
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Lesson 6
okay so today we are going to look at dipping. open up the attached file and then answer the questions
Q1. Describe three ways to safely dispose of dip wash
Q.2 What is the problem with Dip chemical residue in the wool Q.3 Describe four ways to minimise residues in the wool |
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Now have a look at this video
When the video is finished Choose one of the three dipping methods draw a diagram (at least 5cm in height) showing how the method works write at least 2 advantages and 1 disadvantage for that method |
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Lession 7
today your going to look at diseases that can be transfered from animal to human. Watch the video below
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Orf is a very common Zoonose ( refer to the attached resource sheet and answer the following:
1. What is Orf 2.How can you catch it? 3.If you have been infected, What would your symptoms be? 4.Ok, your now infected. What would be your treatment? 5. Prevention is always better than cure. What can you do to make sure you don't get it |
Lesson 8
today lesson is about drenching, why we do it, how we do it and drench resistance
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Drenching: These are liquid medicines or chemicals which are given to kill internal parasites, usually worms. The liquid is deposited in the mouth via a drench gun that can be adjusted to allow different amounts to be dispensed. There are many different types of internal parasites that can infect farm animals. E.g. tapeworms in dogs, especially the hydatids tapeworm (Echinococus granulosus). Hydatids passes from sheep and humans into the dogs. The dogs pass the eggs back into the environment. This is why children should not kiss animals, and they should make sure that their hands are washed before putting their hands near their mouths. Farmers need to ensure that their dogs don’t have access to offal from sheep. This is because cysts can form in the liver and lungs of sheep. In humans the hydatid cysts cause damage to lungs and liver through pressure. They can also invade the spleen, kidneys, heart and the central nervous system. NZ use to have very high numbers of hydatids cases. Due to an active control programme, the numbers have decreased. Originally all dogs were treated for hydatids (dog dosing), now it is only farm dogs that have to be treated and all raw offal has to be kept from dogs. This has meant making sure that home kills are in a specific area, and all offal is placed into an offal pit. If offal is to be given to DOGS then it must be cooked thoroughly (for at least 30 minutes). E.g. liver fluke. The adult fluke is a hermaphrodite (all flukes can produce eggs). The lifecycle also involves a freshwater snail as an intermediate host. Adult flukes in the bile ducts lay eggs which pass out in the sheep’s faeces. After a period of development each eggs hatches into a larva. The larva swims to find the snail. Here it finishes its development. When it reaches its fourth and final larval phase, the young fluke emerges from the snail and swims till it reaches vegetation. It then casts off its tail and cysts on stems or leaves, here it remains until it is eaten by a sheep. The young flukes migrate through the intestinal wall and into the liver. They live in the tissue feeding and growing for several weeks before entering the bile duct to produce eggs again. If the sheep has a big enough infestation, it can die due to blood loss internally. With a lesser infection, the animal can become anaemic or jaundiced and the 82 liver becomes cirrhotic. The animal is also more susceptible to black disease, this is because it likes similar conditions to the fluke. The use of grazing management can also help provide some control. But for liver fluke, the main method of control is the use of drenches. Make sure that they are used correctly to prevent the fluke from becoming resistant. Internal parasites reduce productivity in animals. They live in the gut and feed off the nutrition that should be going to the animal. The animal has less food to live off and consequently the animal doesn’t perform to its potential. Reduced wool growth in sheep is associated with internal parasite infections. The host animal can also suffer from anaemia (usually caused by blood sucking internal parasites), a loss of plasma proteins (usually caused by blood sucking versions), lack of nutrients (due to parasites “eating” the animals nutrients, lowered ability of the animal to absorb nutrients). Over time, some sheep develop a strong resistance to infection with some species. Except for lambing ewes, adult resistant sheep carry a generally stable low worm burden and contaminate pastures less than do young sheep. Breeding from these resistant type animals can improve the genetics and thus the resistance of the flock. Breeding ewes often show an increase in faecal egg counts. There is good evidence that the rise results from a temporary relaxation of the immunological control of worm infection brought about by lactation and hence it may originate from worms already present in the ewe before parturition and from infections newly acquired in the lambing paddock. |